Meningitis refers to a rare infection that affects the meninges or the delicate membranes covering the spinal cord and brain. Both kids and grown-ups are susceptible to getting meningitis. This condition is almost always triggered by some viral or bacterial infection. These infections commonly originate in the body apart from the brain, such as the throat, sinuses, or ears. Meningitis can also result from illness, physical injury, and even medications. There are 5 main types of meningitis—viral, bacterial, fungal, parasitic, and non-infectious. This classification is made depending on the cause of meningitis. The symptoms for the different types of meningitis may be similar, but there are also some distinctions. The treatments and severity of the condition will also depend on its cause. It is, therefore, very important to identify the type one is dealing with in order to get the right treatment: 1. Bacterial meningitis This is a life-threatening condition that may cause severe complications such as brain damage and even untimely death if left untreated. It occurs when bacteria enter the bloodstream and then move to the spinal cord and brain. The main types of bacteria responsible for this type of meningitis are Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria meningitidis.

Skin cancer is caused by the growth of cancer cells in the skin. There are different types of skin cancer depending on various reasons. It is well-known that not all scars of skin cancer look alike. Skin is made of different cells and layers, the severity, and type of skin cancer depends on the depth of infection. Let’s have a look at the common types of skin cancer: 1. Actinic keratosis These are rough scaly patches or rough skin mostly developed in fair-skinned people and rarely in dark-skinned people due to excessive exposure to sunlight. These patches or rough skin are considered precancerous and tend to develop into dangerous cancerous symptoms. This infection commonly affects the body parts that are constantly exposed to the sun like head, neck, arms, and nose. It is commonly seen in individuals above 40 years who have been constantly exposed to the sun for many years. Consultation of dermatologists is highly recommended when skin allergies do not heal sooner. 2. Basal cell carcinoma It is the most common among the different types of skin cancer and the least dangerous. The cancer cells grow on the deepest layer of the epidermis called the basal cell layer.

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a genetic condition that can affect adults and even children. It also affects the ability of a person to control muscular movements. There are different types of spinal muscular atrophy each of which is different from the other. SMA or spinal muscular atrophy is a genetic condition that affects children and in some cases even adults. The disease leads to the voluntary muscles becoming weak or breaking down. As a result, controlling muscular movements becomes difficult. It can lead to problems in movement, problems while swallowing, and can also cause death. The main cause of SMA is attributed to a gene mutation wherein a protein known as SMN (Survival of Motor Neuron) is deficient or absent. There are four main types of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). The classification of the types is based on its onset, i.e., when this genetic condition develops. The four types include the following: 1. SMA1 (Infantile) SMA1 is known as infantile-onset spinal muscular atrophy. Here, the onset of the disease happens from birth to six months of age. It’s also referred to as Werdnig–Hoffman disease. The disease becomes apparent immediately at birth or within six months. Limbs that are floppy in nature and weak movement of the trunk are some of the characteristic symptoms.

Also called gastric cancer, stomach cancer refers to an accumulation of abnormal cells inside a part of the stomach. The World Health Organization reports that as many as 723,000 deaths occur annually because of stomach cancer. The different types of stomach cancer are the 5th most common cancer variant all over the globe, and the 3rd leading cause of cancer deaths. The types of stomach cancer are varied and each of them demands a different mode of treatment. Stomach cancers usually develop at a slow pace and over many years. Incidentally, before the growth of true cancer, many precancerous changes take place in the stomach’s inner lining. Such changes very rarely produce any symptoms, and this is why stomach cancer often stays undetected. Cancers that originate in different parts of the stomach may have distinct symptoms and distinct outcomes too. In fact, where the cancer is located can have a huge impact on its treatment. Cancers originating at the GE or gastroesophageal junction have different stages and are treated like esophagus cancers. So are cancers that originate in the stomach cardia, but grow into the gastroesophageal junction. Here are the different types: 1. Adenocarcinoma This cancer originates in the innermost lining of the stomach.

The thyroid gland is located at the base of the neck and resembles a butterfly in shape. This gland is responsible for controlling metabolism and releases hormones responsible for key bodily functions such as metabolism, producing heat, and consuming oxygen. Thyroid cancer develops due to the mutation of ordinary thyroid cells. These abnormal cells then start to multiply inside the gland and result in a tumor. It is important to know the types of thyroid cancer and how these can develop to be able to treat them better. Fortunately for the patient, this cancer is one of the treatable ones and when caught early, a complete recovery is possible. The tumor may be of two types, one which is formed from follicular cells and one from C cells. Follicular cells produce the thyroid hormone. This hormone is needed for survival as it controls your body’s basic metabolism. It decides how fast calories get burned, and this automatically affects weight gain and loss, raises or lowers body temperatures, accelerates or slows down heart rates. The C cells are special cells that produce calcitonin, a hormone for calcium metabolism. Tumors may be benign or cancerous; the latter type is malignant and can spread to other body parts.